Impact Parameters
10m (car) to 1km (city-killer)
11 km/s (minimum) to 72 km/s (maximum)
15° (shallow) to 90° (vertical)
⚠️ Educational Simulation
This calculator uses simplified physics models for educational purposes. Real impact outcomes depend on many additional factors (terrain, atmospheric conditions, asteroid structure, etc.). For precise calculations, use the Imperial College Impact Calculator.
Frequency: Tunguska-class events (~10-30 MT) occur approximately once every 300-1,000 years. NASA tracks 95% of city-killer asteroids. Modern detection gives years of warning for deflection missions.
This calculator uses simplified physics models for educational purposes. Real impact outcomes depend on many additional factors (terrain, atmospheric conditions, asteroid structure, etc.). For precise calculations, use the Imperial College Impact Calculator.
Frequency: Tunguska-class events (~10-30 MT) occur approximately once every 300-1,000 years. NASA tracks 95% of city-killer asteroids. Modern detection gives years of warning for deflection missions.